What is rationalism?

Rationalism is a philosophical perspective that emphasizes the role of reason and logic in the acquisition of knowledge. It posits that through careful, systematic thinking, individuals can attain understanding and insights that might not be accessible through sensory experience alone. This philosophy suggests that reason is the primary source of knowledge and that it can lead to truth and certainty.

In contrast, the concepts of faith, artistic expression, and political ideology do not align with the foundational principles of rationalism. Faith inherently relies on belief without empirical evidence or logical reasoning, whereas artistic expression pertains to creativity and subjective interpretation. Political ideologies, especially concerning absolute power, focus on governance and authority rather than the methods of acquiring knowledge and understanding the world. Thus, the correct option captures the essence of rationalism accurately.