What did the term 'conspicuous consumption' refer to during the Enlightenment?

The term 'conspicuous consumption' during the Enlightenment referred to excessive spending to display wealth. This concept was particularly significant in the context of a rising middle class and the observable differences in lifestyles among various social classes. Wealthy individuals began to show off their affluence through extravagant purchases—whether it be luxurious homes, fine clothing, or elaborate social gatherings—demonstrating their social status and economic power. The practice highlighted a shift in societal values where the display of wealth became not just a means of living but a way to establish one's identity and standing within society. Most importantly, it reflects how consumption patterns began to shift from basic needs to a focus on luxury and prestige, in alignment with the emerging ideals of individualism and personal achievement typical of the Enlightenment era.