What is an essential feature of an Enlightenment-inspired government?

An Enlightenment-inspired government is fundamentally characterized by the principle of separation of powers and checks and balances. This framework was developed to prevent any single entity or individual from wielding unchecked power, thereby promoting a fair and just system of governance. Enlightenment thinkers, such as Montesquieu, argued that dividing government responsibilities among distinct branches—typically the executive, legislative, and judicial branches—helps to ensure that no single branch can dominate or abuse its power. This structure encourages accountability and transparency, which are critical to protecting individual rights and upholding the rule of law in a democratic society.

In contrast, the other options represent principles that are not aligned with Enlightenment values. Centralized power concentrated in one ruler contradicts the Enlightenment emphasis on individual rights and collective governance. Suppression of free speech runs counter to the Enlightenment ideals of reason, tolerance, and individual liberty. Finally, the promotion of absolute rule directly opposes the core Enlightenment belief in limiting governmental power to protect the freedoms of the people.