Which events are seen as consequences of Absolutism and the Age of Enlightenment?

The events that are regarded as consequences of Absolutism and the Age of Enlightenment fundamentally include the American and French Revolutions. These revolutions directly reflect the ideologies cultivated during the Enlightenment, such as liberty, equality, and the social contract. Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau challenged the traditional absolute monarchy and promoted the idea that governments should be based on the consent of the governed. This intellectual foundation inspired revolutionary movements that sought to overthrow monarchies and establish democratic principles.

The American Revolution (1775-1783) was rooted in Enlightenment ideas about individual rights and self-governance, as American colonists sought independence from British rule, which they viewed as tyrannical and unjust. Similarly, the French Revolution (1789-1799) was fueled by dissatisfaction with absolute monarchy and the desire for democratic reforms and social equality, leading to significant political and social changes in France and influencing revolutionary movements worldwide.

In contrast, the other choices refer to different historical contexts. The Reformation and the Crusades (first choice) preceded the Enlightenment and were not direct consequences of Absolutism. The unification of Europe and later global conflicts (second choice) are broader historical developments influenced by a variety of