Which idea emphasizes the common interest of the people according to Enlightenment thought?

The concept of the "general will" is central to Enlightenment thought, particularly as articulated by philosophers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau. This idea emphasizes the collective interest or common good of the people in a society, suggesting that true sovereignty resides with the populace. According to this notion, the general will reflects the shared values and desires of the community, which should guide governance and decision-making.

The significance of the general will lies in its democratic implications; it prioritizes the needs and welfare of the community as a whole over individual desires or interests. This idea fosters a sense of unity and encourages citizens to consider the welfare of others, thereby creating a more cohesive society. In contrast to other options, such as individualism, which focuses on personal rights and autonomy, the general will emphasizes that collective interests should take precedence in creating a just and fair society.

While the social contract discusses the agreement among individuals to form a government and the rights they surrender for protection and order, it does not primarily emphasize the common interest in the same way the general will does. Additionally, divine right pertains to monarchs ruling by purported divine authority, which directly contradicts the Enlightenment shift toward considering the people's role in governance.